Civil rights organization says it’s unconstitutional to label people for life without individual review
DETROIT – Today the American Civil Liberties Union of Michigan (ACLU), on behalf of 10 people who all previously won federal court rulings that Michigan’s Sex Offenders Registration Act (SORA) is unconstitutional, filed a federal class action lawsuit against state officials over the latest version of the law. It is the fourth federal lawsuit the civil rights organization has filed challenging SORA in the past decade. The federal courts and the Michigan Supreme Court have repeatedly ruled that the earlier iteration of SORA was unconstitutional.
Today’s lawsuit, Does v. Whitmer, or Does III, filed in U.S. District Court, argues that the new SORA statute, which went into effect in 2021, is also unconstitutional. Specifically, SORA fails to provide for individual review or an opportunity for removal, forcing tens of thousands of people, including people who didn’t even commit a sex offense, to be branded as sex offenders and subjected to extensive, and in most cases life-long restrictions, without any consideration of their individual circumstances, which is a violation of their due process and equal protection rights. The 193-page complaint also argues that SORA imposes unconstitutional retroactive punishment, including by retroactively extending the registration terms of thousands of people to life.
Michigan has one of the largest registries in the country; there are approximately 45,000 Michigan registrants, and almost 10,000 more who live out of state.
“For nearly a decade, we have been fighting to put an end to an ineffective, bloated and unconstitutional registry that not only fails to protect survivors, but in fact makes families and communities less safe,” said Miriam Aukerman, ACLU of Michigan senior staff attorney. “The latest version of SORA is more of the same, and still puts tens of thousands of people on this list automatically without any consideration of their individual circumstances. What we’re asking for is very simple: consider the facts in each case before someone is tarred as a sex offender for life. Dying shouldn’t be the only way a person can get off the registry.”
@Michigan, I just recy this email from Tim@ACLU. To: Does III Class members
From: Does III Litigation Team
Re: Clarification on Relief for Retroactive Extension Subclass
We have received a lot of questions about what the registration terms will be for registrants whose registration terms were extended in 2011. This is a complicated question because how registration terms are calculated has changed over time. Currently, registration term calculations exclude time spent incarcerated. However, that was not always historically the case. How the terms are calculated has changed several times since SORA was first enacted.
We believe that people in the retroactive extension of registration should have their registration term calculated in the same way that it was calculated at the time of their offense, not based on how terms are calculated today. We believe that for many people, that would mean that their registration term would be 25 years from the date of initial registration (which is usually but not always around the time of sentencing) or ten years from release from incarceration, whichever is longer. Our earlier email incorrectly suggested that the term would necessarily be 25 years after release.
As noted previously, it will be the Court’s judgment, not the opinion, which sets out exactly what relief is ordered. How this will ultimately be resolved will depend on what the Court orders in the judgment.
Miriam Aukerman
Pronouns: she, her
Respectfully Tim P ACLU of Michigan SOR Specialist. So my question to everyone is how does this work for those of us who were sentenced before a registry ever existed, then placed bon it retroactively. I was placed on the registry in 1996 when I got of parole placed on it for 25 years, which would of took me off in 2021 if my calculations are correct, mind you I was sentenced in 1992 . The registry didn’t exist, so my plea didn’t require registration, no did a judge order it. Just like many others on here. So shouldn’t those of us that were sentenced before the registry or given 25 years that was changed to life, be removed automatically after the final judgement. I hope my rambling makes sence. Any thoughts on this by anyone, or are we screwed again. Thanks in advance.
I got nothing
Was a persons employer or employers address listed prior 2011 on the register? I can’t remember and I can’t seem to find the answer when I google it…Thanks in advance!
Does anyone know why there is nothing on Pacer Monitor yet? Has anyone heard anything?
District Court, E.D. Michigan Add Note Tags Get Alerts
Toggle Dropdown
View on PACER
Toggle Dropdown
Last Updated: Oct. 21, 2024, 6:25 a.m.
Assigned To: Mark Allan Goldsmith
Referred To: Curtis Ivy Jr.
Citation: Doe A v. Whitmer, 2:22-cv-10209, (E.D. Mich.)
Date Filed: Feb. 2, 2022
Date of Last Known Filing: Sept. 27, 2024
Cause: 42:1983 Civil Rights Act
Nature of Suit: 440 Civil Rights: Other
Jury Demand: None
Jurisdiction Type: Federal Question
Says it was updated at 6:25am
oct 21, so neither party has responded to the judges order?
Interesting, very interesting!
Here’s something new;
Oct 22, 2024
Text-Only Order
have to wait for more updates?
Pacer monitor just put this up;
Docket last updated: 9 hours agoTuesday, October 22, 2024TEXT-ONLY ORDER: The deadline for the submission of the parties’ joint statement is extended to 11/1/2024 – Entered by District Judge Mark A. Goldsmith. (CCie)
not to sure of the update time.
you asked for my thoughts? Ok…
ACLU of Michigan,
blocking the road to tyranny,
please donate, but nothing about sora! I want to know what is going on with our 30+ years of litigation and be kept updated on Does case first and foremost, I want to know which politicians support sora reform and which ones don’t mostly the elephants don’t but I would like to see the list that signed on to Michigan sora 2023,,,,
So I had to reset my phone so I lost this page and site. Anyway whole I was looking for this page I found that couple states like Florida, plus the United Kingdom are now fighting to abolish the registry
“The court ruled against the plaintiffs on three claims involving individualized review, opportunities to petition for removal, and reporting requirements. The court also found that one claim was moot, and another might require additional briefing” What did the judge rule against in regard to reporting requirements? What was found moot? and what might need additional briefing? Thanks in advance.
As per my next statement (question) this might be for Tim or someone else but, if laws are ruled unconstitutional for the registry and cant be held against scrutiny of the constitution can same laws still exist for probation against probationers? Seems kinda ridiculous if probation is allowed step outside the law and enforce what they want.
Lastly is it not considered compelled speech to be forced to give your information on the registry against your will such as your name, car, ip address, and alias. Basically your whole life then exposed to the whole country. Especially tier 1 are supposed be in a private data base and I found myself in less than 5 minutes. Also is it not gouging be forced pay money to stay on the registry that you don’t want be on? Maybe might be considered for further lawsuits.
I know Graham fuller pushed for it but who was his cohorts that also signed on to the revised bill?
It would be good, for those of us not in Michigan who kind of threw up our hands several years ago in frustration with the lack of progress in this case, to get an overview of the chronology and the decisions and the state’s apparent disregard for those decisions and the end-runs it’s since been doing. I had thought that Whitmer was originally in support of the ACLU’s efforts but now seems to have taken the politically expedient route of turning her back on us. Also, wasn’t there a court decision that people convicted before a certain date should, as a class, be relieved of the registry and the state simply flouted that ruling?
If this is a law it is being ingnored. When the government of the state doesn’t have to follow the law but they want the people to. That is clearly anarchy so there is no law. No one should have the live like this. Sound like a dictator.
@Michiganders, So isn’t today the deadline for the deadline extension submission. I hope I worded that correctly, if I remember correctly today was the deadline for the extension November 1st. not that it will matter they will probably be given another extension to keep dragging this on and on. I honestly don’t see how the state can wiggle themselves out of this one , this should be checkmate game over. Just wondering if anyone has heard anything or checked PACER yet. I wish I could afford PACER. Any news would be greatly appreciated. Thanks in advance.
Hi
I saw on Pacer monitor that the Joint statement has been issued. I don’t have access to Pacer. I looked on Recap and it has not been uploaded yet. Has anyone read it? I still believe the Attorney General wants to end this knowing they would not win in the Federal Court of Appeals. This time I don’t think Legislature has a choice on how to proceed. One thing that our State failed to realize is that all of this litigation has created landmark cases which will force change other States and Possibly Federal SORNA.
I also, think at some point the Federal Courts need to financially penalize Legislature. I wish the court could start putting State Senators and Congressmen in jail for not complying with his ruling.
I do believe there will be litigation later down the road on some of the other issues.
Here’s:
159
Nov 1, 2024
Joint STATEMENT of by All Plaintiffs (Attachments: # 1 Exhibit A: Draft Judgment) (Aukerman, Miriam) (Entered: 11/01/2024)
Main Doc
Att 1
Exhibit A: Draft Judgment
Pacer ;
Docket last updated: 11/01/2024 11:59 PM EDTFriday, November 01, 2024159 misc Statement – free Fri 11/01 10:11 PM
Joint STATEMENT of by All Plaintiffs (Aukerman, Miriam)Att: 1 Exhibit A: Draft Judgment
Here print what you want,
for us old timers,,,,
1. Count II – Retroactive Extension
In Count II, Plaintiffs alleged that retroactively requiring a person to register for life violates both the Due Process and Ex Post Facto Clauses of the U.S. Consti- tution and sought to bar Defendants from enforcing SORA for a term longer than that in effect at the time of the registrant’s offense. Am. Compl., ECF No. 108, PageID.2982. The subclass was defined as “members of the primary class who were retroactively required to register for life as a result of amendments to SORA.” ECF No. 35, PageID.1117. Plaintiffs intentionally defined the subclass to include anyone whose term was retroactively extended. This is because SORA was also amended in 1999 to retroactively extend registration terms for pre-1999 registrants. Compare P.A. 295, sec. 5(3)-(4) (1995), with P.A. 85, sec. 5(6)-(7) (1999). Similarly on Count VI, Plaintiffs sought to enjoin Defendants from requiring registration for a term
4
Case 2:22-cv-10209-MAG-CI ECF No. 159, PageID.8781 Filed 11/01/24 Page 5 of 16
longer than that in effect at the time of a registrant’s plea. Am. Compl., ECF No. 108, PageID.2983. Plaintiffs did not limit either of the counts or the subclass definition to retroactive extension of registration terms that occurred only in 2011.
Plaintiffs believe that the Count II relief should enjoin registration for longer than the term in effect at the time of the offense.1 Defendants believe the Court should reinstate the registration terms in effect in 2010, before the 2011 amendments.
Defendants’ interpretation runs counter to this Court’s opinion and would require much more litigation before a final judgment could enter. The Court decided it did not need to reach the plea claim because it “has now determined that SORA 2021 violates the Ex Post Facto Clause, which ruling will prohibit retroactive enforcement of amendments to SORA,” meaning that “no plea agreements will be retroactively modified.” Op., ECF No. 158, PageID.8731-8732. The Court also found it unnecessary to decide Plaintiffs’ due process arguments on Count II. Id., PageID.8679, n.16. If Defendants’ proposed relief were correct, both issues would need to be litigated because some registrants whose terms were extended before 2011, or who pled guilty, would be excluded from relief. For example, a person who
1 For registrants whose offense predated the creation of SORA, Plaintiffs can agree to look to the term in effect on October 1, 1995, when SORA was initially adopted. As a practical matter, it has been more than 25 years since their offenses were committed and 25 years was the standard registration term when SORA was first adopted (except for those who reoffended). P.A. 295, sec. 5(3)-(4) (1995).
5
Case 2:22-cv-10209-MAG-CI ECF No. 159, PageID.8782 Filed 11/01/24 Page 6 of 16
pled in 1998 to an offense with 25-year registration and who was retroactively extended to life in 1999, would not get Count II ex post facto relief under Defendants’ proposal, but would still have a Count II due process claim and a Count VI plea claim.
Moreover, the appropriate relief under the Ex Post Facto Clause is to restore the original registration terms. The ex post facto doctrine is grounded in the under- standing that law may not “inflict[] a greater punishment, than the law annexed to the crime, when committed.” Collins v. Youngblood, 497 U.S. 37, 42 (1990) (emphasis altered). See also Weaver v. Graham, 450 U.S. 24, 30 (1981) (legislature may not increase punishment “beyond what was prescribed when the crime was consummated”). Therefore, the proper remedy is “to apply, if possible, the law in place when [the] crime occurred.” Id. at 36, n.22. Other courts, after finding that retroactive extension of registration terms violates the Ex Post Facto Clause, have restored the registrant’s original registration term.2
Defendants’ contrary argument is not grounded in caselaw, but solely in foot- note 31 of the Court’s opinion. Plaintiffs’ reading of that footnote is that the Court was simply unaware that some registrants’ terms were extended in 1999. The more telling statement in the Court’s opinion is that the plea claim is moot, which it will
2 See, e.g., Gonzalez v. State, 980 N.E.2d 312, 321 (Ind. 2013); Quispe Del Pino v. Md. Dep’t of Pub. Safety & Corr. Servs., 112 A.3d 522, 523, 533 (Md. Ct. Spec. App. 2015); State v. Letalien, 985 A.2d 4, 26 (Me. 2009).
6
Case 2:22-cv-10209-MAG-CI ECF No. 159, PageID.8783 Filed 11/01/24 Page 7 of 16
not be if registrants’ terms do not go back to the original registration term.
Finally, while Defendants will need some time to remove all members of the retroactive extension of registration subclass who have completed their registration terms, there is no reason Defendants cannot immediately remove the three named Plaintiffs who have completed their original registration terms. They are daily experiencing harm. Doe E, for example, has been unemployed for months because
of the registry
I’ve read the Draft Documents and am thrilled for the many PFRs who I believe will finally experience removal after so many years of suffering, stress, anxiety and despair. It appears ACLU will be successful on a significant number of issues they have been fighting against for so many individuals and their families for so long. ACLU’s work will finally result in truly changing lives for the better for so many. My personal disappointment however is the fact that the due process and barred from petitioning complaints are not being challenged. If I understand the proposed language in the filings, the post 2011 sub-class remain condemned to the punishment of the registry-most for the rest of their lives-with no chance of removal. In reality, the Judge was OK with the registry, he somehow concluded there are valid arguments on both sides as to it’s efficacy, tweaked a few aspects of reporting requirements and ruled that people who should never have been on in the first place – should probably never have been on or on as long as they were! DAH-No kidding! I am overjoyed for those who will finally, ultimately be able to breathe freely, and begin experiencing a normal life…I believe this will happen for you. I am also heartbroken that thousands and thousands of Michiganders are still unable to re-integrate into society, have safe family lives and no longer experience the daily stress of this registry. Does anyone see any future options for those remaining on this awful list?
@ Michigan – I know most of you have probably followed Lymon and it was recently mentioned in the current ACLU case. Lymon at the Michigan Appeals level was for ex post facto claim and not on the grounds reversed by the Michigan Supreme Court. BUT have any of you been following the unpublished case still at the Michigan Appeals: Michigan v. Christoper Lee Johnson? Once the Michigan Appeals fixed Lymon, I’m guessing this case will be adjusted and then published for ALL PFR’s on an ex post facto challenge again. The very last paragraph in the opinion is interesting. This is a case you all should be following. It will obviously change based on the SOM opinion in Lymon, but not to any degree that would hurt us IMO since the SOM Lymon case contained a lot of support for 2021 SORA being punishment still. AND I will add that the SOM now has a 5-2 super majority of justices that were on our side (with one new add of course). Check it out and keep an eye on this one.
https://www.courts.michigan.gov/4a7554/siteassets/case-documents/uploads/opinions/final/coa/20230427_c361607_47_361607.opn.pdf
Movement on Does 4,
160
Nov 12, 2024
Main Doc
Appear*
… I tried post a link of an article that was done with the first people who helped create the registry. They now denounce it and want get rid of it. It’s mother and 2 sisters of the first ever victim of the registry. They want registry gone. Because it doesn’t serve purpose they wanted. They wanted protect children and society. But instead registry uses false information and ostracizes those on registry, preventing them from reintegrating into society. One sisters even said we don’t want registry to use our pain as an excuse to hurt others.
minutes Status Conference Wed 11/13 9:27 PM
Minute Entry for remote proceedings before District Judge Mark A. Goldsmith: Status Conference held on 11/13/2024 – (Court Reporter: None Present, Not on the Record) (CCie)